Complete your profiling with your sodium losses
Profiling tells you how your body produces and manages energy. The sweat test adds what you lose through sweating. Sweat carries several electrolytes — mostly sodium and chloride, far more than potassium or magnesium — and your sodium (Na+) concentration is what the analysis returns: among them, it is the one that weighs most on how water is distributed in the body and on how much of what you drink you actually keep.
Two measurements make up the test, and both are specific to you. The sodium concentration of your sweat depends mainly on who you are: it is very stable over time and does not shift with conditions, so a single test is enough. Your sweat rate — how much you sweat per hour — is specific to you as well, but it varies from one session to the next, with the intensity of the effort and the conditions: temperature, humidity, indoors or outdoors. Crossed together, they give your sodium loss in milligrams per hour: enough to know how much electrolyte to take, and when, instead of following a general rule that does not match how your own body works.
You can reach the start line with a perfectly prepared engine and lose your race on this ground alone: it is the component that training does least for, and the one that is put right fastest once you know it.
The test is done at rest, seated and relaxed: sweating is stimulated on the forearm, then the sample is collected. No needle, no exercise, no pain — and no waiting for a laboratory, the analysis is done on the spot: at your home, at your club, or at a partner centre.
The technology comes from medicine. The very same process — stimulating the sweat glands of the forearm by pilocarpine iontophoresis, collecting a few microlitres of sweat, analysing them — has long been used in hospitals, under the name sweat test, to screen for cystic fibrosis. What differs here is the purpose: we derive your sodium concentration in order to build your hydration strategy. No diagnosis, no screening — this is a performance measurement.
The concentration200 to 2,000 mg/Lof sodium per litre of sweat: that is the spread observed from one athlete to another — it is their signature.
The lossup to 15 ×difference, again from one athlete to another, in the sodium actually lost. It depends on two things: the concentration, specific to each person, and the sweat rate, specific to each person too but which also varies with the conditions.